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Nordic Energy Technology Perspectives 2016 presents a clear technological and economical pathway for the Nordic region towards a nearly carbon-neutral energy system in 2050. Nordic countries’ success can send a strong signal to the global community that the ambitions of the Paris Agreement from COP21 are achievable. The report identifies opportunities for policy makers and the private sector in three strategic areas: 1. Incentivise and plan for a significantly more distributed, flexible and interconnected Nordic electricity system. A decentralised electricity supply with a high share of wind is likely to achieve a carbon-neutral system at lower cost than a system reliant on nuclear and thermal generation. But the shift will require flexibility measures beyond those now provided by Nordic hydropower, as well as a significant increase in cross-border electricity trade. 2. Ramp up technologies to decarbonise energy-intensive industries and long-distance transport. Emissions from industries like steel and cement are the most challenging to reduce, requiring rapid advances in the demonstration and deployment of carbon capture and storage (CCS) and other innovative technologies. Electrification will be at the core of most low-carbon transportation, but long-distance transport will likely require large volumes of biofuels. 3. Tap into cities’ positive momentum to strengthen national decarbonisation and enhance energy efficiency in transport and buildings. Driven in part by air quality, health and congestion objectives, many Nordic cities lead their countries’ decarbonisation efforts, with more ambitious targets and advanced roll-out of electric vehicles.

Energy

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In this inaugural annual report on energy investments around the world, the International Energy Agency (IEA) looks at the lifeblood of the global energy system: investment. The ability to attract and direct capital flows is vital to transitioning to a low-carbon economy while also maintaining energy security and expanding energy access worldwide. The success or failure of energy policies can be measured by their ability to mobilise investments. The new report measures in a detailed manner the state of investment in the energy system across technologies, sectors and regions. The analysis takes a comprehensive look at the critical issues confronting investors, policy-makers, and consumers over the past year. World Energy Investment 2016 addresses key questions, including : What was the level of investment in the global energy system in 2015? Which countries attracted the most capital? What fuels and technologies received the most investment and which saw the biggest changes? How is the low fuel price environment affecting spending in upstream oil and gas, renewables and energy efficiency? What does this mean for energy security? Are current investment trends consistent with the transition to a low-carbon energy system? How are technological progress, new business models and key policy drivers such as the Paris Climate Agreement reshaping investment? As a unique benchmark of current investment trends, World Energy Investment 2016 serves as a complement to the forecasts and projections found in other IEA publications and provides a critical foundation for decision making by governments and industry.

Energy

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"Re-powering" refers to the process of replacing older power stations with ones that are more efficient and more powerful, but the term also lends itself to market design. To facilitate the transition to a low-carbon economy, electricity markets will need to be "re-powered": older market frameworks must be replaced with ones suitable for decarbonisation while ensuring a secure electricity supply. Market rules need to be modernised and better matched with lowcarbon policies while keeping the same overall market architecture. Re-powering electricity markets can be done in several ways, depending on the existing market design or regulatory framework. Changes can be as limited as increasing the temporal or geographical resolution of existing markets or putting a price on scarcity, or as extensive as creating short-term markets and incorporating policies to increase renewables and reduce carbon emissions as part of a consistent market framework. Re-Powering Markets brings together today’s best practices in new electricity market design and details the most effective and efficient ways for re-powering electricity markets to address the 21st century challenges of transitioning to low-carbon electricity.

Energy

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The context in Ontario was encouraging for light-emitting diode (LED) programs at federal, provincial, and municipal levels. At the federal level, there were a number of incentive programs funded by the federal gas tax that municipalities tapped into for municipal energy efficiency retrofits and upgrades. The federal gas tax and a yearly transfer from the Government of Canada to each municipality based on population; it is an environmental measure aimed at reducing greenhouse gases. Independent electricity system operator (IESO) has a comprehensive master plan with ambitious energy efficiency goals, implemented with both environmental and economic rationales in mind. IESO's conservation first framework, developed in 2014, maps out Ontario's energy conservation goals from 2014 to 2020, emphasizing a coordinated effort within all stages of energy planning, as well as more effective teamwork among sector partners, particularly in support of local distribution companies (LDCs). The global adjustment mechanism fund covers various initiatives, including the province's energy conservation and demand management programs. As part of this commitment to energy conservation, IESO provides very significant fiscal incentives of up to 30 percent for energy efficiency in the form of energy efficiency infrastructure rebates through a program called save on energy. It is possible that IESO will lower the amount of the outdoor lighting incentive, as it is known, to reflect the growing cost-competitiveness of LEDs in the market without incentives.

Energy --- Energy Consumption --- Energy Finance

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This paper entitled with Municipal Financing Delivery Model in Quezon City,Philippines, is one in a series of seven knowledge products produced by ESMAP in an attempt to help cities work through the challenges associated with implementing LED public lighting programs. The publications include six case studies and a synthesis report which summarizes the case studies. Each case study describes the context in which decisions were made, then recounts the problems encountered andsolved to realize the implementation of the programs. The challenges include real-life examples of: cities managing to attract private sector participants toprovide necessary financing and technical expertise; programs implemented in municipalities that are not credit worthy and have limited policy and institutional support; small municipalities of about 2,500 residents as well as cities with several million residents; cities managing perceived risks; and cities effectively handling the measurement and verification of electricity savings accruing from the implementation of more efficient LEDs.

Energy --- Energy Consumption --- Energy Finance